GIT is a popular distributed version control system used to manage changes in source code and other files. It allows developers to track change history, collaborate on projects, and easily revert to previous file versions.
Key Features of GIT:
-
- Change Tracking — saving the history of changes in files.
- Branching and Merging — working with parallel code versions and merging them.
- Distributed Nature — each developer has a full repository copy, including the entire history of changes.
- Integration with Platforms — GIT is used on GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, and other platforms for collaboration.
Commands used in training:
git init / initialization a new repository /
git status / get info about the repository /
git add <file / folder / .> / add file or the whole folder to index (untracked files change their status) /
git commit -m "Some information message" / make a snapshot with a description. No need any action in the VCS /
git commit <edit in the text editor> / make a snapshot. You need to add some description in the VCS /
git log / get information about commits (snapshoots) in the current branch /
git branch / shows information about the current branch /
git branch -a / shows all local and remote branches /
git branch -m master main / rename master to main
git branch -M main / set the branch name to main
git checkout <branch name> / switch to another brunch /
git checkout <commit hash sha1> / switch to any commit using the commit hash. Warning "detached HEAD" /
git switch - / exit from "detached HEAD" state /
git cat -t hash / shows a type: blob or tree /
git cat -p hash / shows text inside the blob /
git clone <url> / download the remote repository to your local /
git remote add origin <url> / make a connection between your local and remote repositories /
git push -u origin <branch> / sync your local and remote branch /
git push / send updates of your local repository to your remote repository /
git pull / recieve updates from your remote repository to your local repository /
git fetch / downloads updates but don`t make changes in the local repository /
git remote update / updates all remote repositories /
git remote -v / get more information about remote repository /
git branch -vv / shows how the local repository linked with the remote repository /
git diff / show diffents /
git remote set-url origin new.git.url / change the url /
The most popular GIT hosting services
GitHub
BitBucket
GitLab
Tracking status:
-untracked /marks files and directories not added in the index yet
-unmodified /added and commited files have no changes
-modified /commited files have changes since last commit
-staged /marked a modified file in its current version to go into your next commit snapshot
About merge strategies: https://git-scm.com/docs/merge-strategies
User manual: https://git-scm.com/docs/user-manual
Official book: https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2
to be continued ...
Tags
1. git init
2. git branch -M main
3. git add .
4. git commit -m "your comment"
5. git remote add origin git@github.com:xxxxxxxx/yyyyy.git
6. git push -u origin main